Stem cell transplants are usually used to treat immune system cancers and disorders and are used in patients for whom all treatments for cancer have previously failed. Stem cells are taken and transplanted into the recipient from umbilical cord blood or healthy adult donors. They develop into a new and healthy immune system as these cells are administered, replacing the weakened cells within the body. In HIV cases, as was the case with Adam Castillejo, it is normal for individuals living with the disease to develop a type of immune or blood cancer as a result of a compromised immune system. For several of these cancer patients, their only hope of survival is a stem cell transplant from a donor. Stem cell approaches to HIV therefore primarily involve replacing the person’s immune system with one that the virus cannot infect. Without CRR5, HIV is unable to infect the replacement stem cells and is unable to spread. Therapies for certain immune system disorders were created over 50 years ago, and are the initial stem cell therapies. The therapies include the degradation, with radiation therapy and cancer medications, of all diseased immune cells, such as leukemias. It is replaced by transplanting new immune cells from the bone marrow of a healthy donor once the diseased immune system is destroyed. Research has shown that in the coming years, haematopoetic stem cells originating from bone marrow or cord blood may be the key to a cure for HIV. The clinical trial involves transplanting patients with donated samples of cord blood with the intention of developing a new blood system. Patient-specific stem cells can now be produced from individuals infected with HIV, differentiated into bone marrow stem cells, and knocked out of the CCR5 protein, making them immune to HIV infection. This cell source would then be accessible for transplantation into the individual infected with HIV, who may or may not have to prepare for complete ablation of all HIV-infected cells by going through radiation and drug treatment. This review tells about the future scope of the new invention towards the field of HIV /AIDS and their medicinal treatment. People who are interested can send their article towards our journal for publication through this https://www.scholarscentral.org/submissions/hiv-aids-research.html