Neutralizing antibodies are particular forms of antibodies which are capable of acting on microorganisms such as viruses that help to create an infection at specific sites. Antibodies are known to neutralize toxins in bacterial infections, enable opsonization and promote complement-mediated lysis; antibodies disrupt transmission in viral infections primarily in two ways: by blocking the entry of the virus into the uninfected target cells and by blocking cytotoxicity mediated by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Experiments that demonstrate that such antibodies are capable of providing sterilizing protection against clinically important (so-called Tier 2) virus challenges in macaque and humanized mouse models provide crucial support for efforts to design an HIV vaccine that would elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). However, these efforts have been greatly impeded by genetic constraints imposed by the human repertoire of B cell antigen receptors (BCRs) from which such antibodies would derive. Characterization of a number of bnAbs present in chronically infected patients reveals that they typically originate from B cell precursors with unusual features of antigen receptors, such as long third heavy chain (HC) regions determining complementarity (CDRH3s), and then require extensive somatic hypermutation to promote broad neutralization. An attractive contributor to a functional HIV cure would be the vaccine elicitation of robust HIV bnAb responses from engineered B cells in immunocompetent hosts, provided that bnAbs administered passively in the context of infection have been shown to suppress viremia, destroy infected cells, and enhance host immunity. The extent of suppression of viremia by bnAbs in chronically infected patients is not very clear; however, due to their ability to directly act on the viral envelope (Env) protein and thus prevent the entry of HIV-1, bnAbs have potential in the treatment of infected patients (through 'passive' immunizations) in addition to the current ART. The main aim of our journal (Journal of HIV and AIDS Research) is to draws readers' attention to the latest advances in HIV research in the fields of prevention, care and cure. The peoples who are interested to publish their article they can submit their manuscripts in our journal through given link: https://www.scholarscentral.org/submissions/hiv-aids-research.html

Ella Addison

Managing Editor

Journal of HIV and AIDS Research

Mail ID: aids@emedicaljournals.org

WhatsApp no: + 1-504-608-2390